Unit. 2-Analogy
Analogy means ‘correspondence’. In the questions based on analogy, a particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to be identified from the alternatives provided. Analogy tools are therefore meant to test one’s ability to reason -how far you are able to compare and comprehend the relationship that exists between two objects, things or figures. Verbal analogy measures the ability to understand the relationship between two given words or group of letters, presented in abbreviated form. See the following example.
Moon : Satellite :: Earth : Planet
This abbreviated form conveys the idea that moon is related to satellite in the same way as the earth is related to planet.
Look for the Kinds of Relationship
There are many possibilities in establishing a relationship. Here are some useful points on the basic knowledge required for the test.
Worker and Product
Eg: Carpenter : Furniture : : Mason : Wall
Carpenter makes Furniture and Mason builds a Wall.
Author : Book
Editor : Newspaper
Architect : Design
Farmer : Crop
Butcher : Meat
Judge : Justice
Chef : Food
Poet : Poem
Choreographer : Ballet
Teacher : Education
Cobbler : Shoes
Tailor : Clothes
Worker and Tool Relationship
Eg: Woodcutter : Axe : : Soldier : Gun
Axe is the tool used by a Woodcutter, likewise a Soldier uses a Gun to shoot.
Author : Pen
Doctor : Stethoscope
Astronomer : Telescope
Farmer : Plough
Barber : Scissors
Gardener : Harrow
Butcher : Chopper
Painter : Brush
Blacksmith : Anvil
Sculptor : Chisel
Bricklayer : Trowel
Surgeon : Scalpel
Carpenter : Saw
Tailor : Needle
Cobbler : Awl
Tool and Action
Eg: Pen : Write : : Knife : Cut
Pen is used for Writing and Knife is used for Cutting
Axe : Grind
Spade : Dig
Auger : Bore
Shovel : Scoop
Chisel : Carve
Spoon : Feed
Gun : Shoot
Spanner : Grip
Loudspeaker : Amplify
Steering : Drive
Microscope : Magnify
Sword : Slaughter
Oar : Row
Worker and Working Place
Eg: Farmer : Field : : Doctor : Hospital
A Farmer works on a Field while a Doctor works in a Hospital.
Artist : Theatre
Pilot : Cockpit
Actor : Stage
Sailor : Ship
Clerk : Office
Scientist : Laboratory
Driver : Cabin
Teacher : School
Engineer : Site
Umpire : Pitch
Lawyer : Court
Worker : Factory
Mechanic : Garage
Warrior : Battlefield
Product and Raw Material
Eg: Cloth : Fibre : : Petrol : Crude Oil
Cloth is made of Fibre and Petrol is extracted from Crude oil.
Book : Paper
Omlette : Egg
Butter : Milk
Paper : Pulp
Furniture : Wood
Road : Asphalt
Fabric : Yarn
Rubber : Latex
Jaggery : Sugarcane
Shoes : Leather
Metal : Ore
Sack : Jute
Oil : Seed
Quantity and Unit
Eg: Length : Metre : : Distance : Light Year
Metre is the unit of Length and Light year is the unit of Distance.
Angle : Radians
Power : Watt
Current : Ampere
Pressure : Pascal
Energy : Joule
Resistance : Ohm
Force : Newton
Time : Seconds
Mass : Kilogram
Volume : Litre
Potential : Volt
Work : Joule
Instrument and Measurement
Eg: Barometer : Pressure :: Speedometer : Speed
Barometer is used to measure Pressure. Speedometer is used to measure Speed.
Ammeter : Current
Rain Gauge : Rain
Anemometer : Wind Velocity
Screw Gauge :Thickness
Balance : Mass
Seismograph:Earth-quakes
Hygrometer : Humidity
Sphygmomanometer: Blood Pressure
Thermometer: Temperature
Study and Topic
Eg: Botany : Plants : : Ornithology : Birds
Botany is the study of Plants, Ornithology is the study of Birds.
Anthropology: Man
Orography : Mountains
Astrology : Future
Palaeontology : Fossils
Conchology : Shells
Pedology :Soil
Cardiology : Heart
Pathology :Diseases
Entomology : Insects
Semantics :Language
Haematology: Blood
Seismology :Earth-quakes
Nephrology : Kidney
Taxonomy :Classification
Oology : Eggs
Zoology : Animals
Animal and Young Ones
Eg: Cat : Kitten : : Dog : Puppy
Kitten is the young one of a Cat and Puppy is the young one of a Dog.
Butterfly: Catterpillar
Lion : Cub
Cow : Calf
Man : Child
Duck : Duckling
Pig : Piglet
Frog : Tadpole
Stallion : Colt
Hen : Chicken
Sheep : Lamb
Horse : Pony
Swan : Cygnet
Male and Female
Eg: Son : Daughter : : Nephew : Niece
Drone : Bee
Lion : Lioness
Dog : Bitch
Stag : Doe
Gentleman : Lady
Tiger : Tigress
Horse : Mare
Uncle : Aunt
Word and Synonym
Eg: Mend : Repair : : House : Home
Abode : Dwelling
Fierce : Violent
Abduct : Kidnap
Happy : Glad
Ban : Prohibition
Presage : Predict
Blend : Mix
Solicit : Request
Brim : Edge
Substitute : Replace
Dissipate :Squander
Aborigine : Native
Word and Antonym
Eg: Ignore : Notice : : Friend : Foe
Advance : Retreat
Gentle : Harsh
Best : Worst
Gradual : Abrupt
Cruel : Kind
Initial : Final
Chaos : Peace
Kindle : Extinguish
Create : Destroy
Lend : Borrow
Cordial : Hostile
Robust : Weak
Deep : Shallow
Sink : Float
Word and Intensity
Eg: Anger : Rage : : Joy : Ecstasy
Rage is greater degree of Anger and Ecstasy is greater degree of Joy.
Crime : Sin
Refuse : Deny
Error : Blunder
Sink : Drown
Famous : Renowned
Unhappy : Sad
Quarrel : War
Wish : Desire
Q.1- Q.5 Complete the following analogy pair.
Q.1 Iron : copper :: zinc: ?
1)Ceramic
2)Carbon
3)Silver
4)Coke
5)None of these
Q.2 Menu : Food :: Catalogue : ?
1)Rack
2)Newspaper
3)Library
4)Books
5)None of these
Q.3 Botany : Plant :: Entomology : ?
1)Snakes
2)Insects
3)Birds
4)Germs
5)None of these
Q.4 Gun : Shoot :: Axe
1)Grind
2)Grip
3)Magnify
4)Feed
5)None of these
Q.5 Anaemia : Blood :: Anarchy : ?
1)Lawlessness
2)Government
3)Monarchy
4)Disorder
5)None of these
Q.6-Q.10 There is certain relation between 2 given words on one side of : : of & one word is given on another side of :: while another word is to be found from the given alternative having the same relation with this word as the given pair . Select correct alternative
Q.6 Mountain : Valley : : Genius : ?
1)Brain
2)Idiot
3)Think
4)Intelligence
5)None of these
Q.7 House : Garbage : : Ore : ?
1)Rubbish
2)Gangue
3)Sand
4)Dregs
5)None of these
Q.8 King : Throne :: Rider : ?
1)Seat
2)Horse
3)Saddle
4)Chair
5)None of these
Q.9 Imprison : Jail :: Exile : ?
1)Country
2)Depart
3)Banish
4)Punishment
5)None of these
Q.10 Reluctant : Keen :: Remarkable : ?
1)Usual
2)Restrained
3)Striking
4)Evocative
5)None of these
Q.11-Q.20 There is certain relation between 2 given words on one side of : : of & one word is given on another side of :: while another word is to be found from the given alternative having the same relation with this word as the given pair . Select correct alternative
Q.11 21 : 3 :: 574 : ?
1)23
2)82
3)97
4)113
5)None
Q.12 335 : 216 :: 987 : ?
1)867
2)868
3)872
4)888
5)None
Q.13 149 : 238 :: 159 : ?
1)169
2)248
3)261
4)268
5)None
Q.14 68 : 130 :: ? : 350
1)210
2)216
3)222
4)240
5)None
Q.15 8 : 28 :: 27 : ?
1)55
2)63
3)64
4)65
5)None
Q.16 9 : 80 :: 100 : ?
1)901
2)1009
3)9889
4)9999
5)None of these
Q.17 7584 : 5362 : : 4673 : ?
1)2367
2)2451
3)2531
4)4521
5)None of these
Q.18 3265 : 4376 : : 4673 : ?
1)2154
2)3562
3)5487
4)5784
5)None of these
Q.19 25: 37 : : 49 : ?
1)41
2)56
3)60
4)65
5)None of these
Q.20 5 :124 : : 7 : ?
1)125
2)248
3)342
4)343
5)None of these
Q.21 MAD : JXA : : RUN : ?
1)ORK
2)OSQ
3)PRJ
4)UXQ
5)None
Q.22 CAT : DDY : : BIG : ?
1)CLL
2)CLM
3)CML
4)CEP
5)none
Q.23 COMPUTER :fqprxvht :: LANGUAGE : ?
1)oxpixdig
2)ocqicyig
3)ocqixcjg
4)ocqixcig
5)None
Q.24 FILM : ADGH : : MILK : ?
1)ADGF
2)HDGE
3)HDGF
4)HEGF
5)NONE
Q.25 corden :zrogbq : : ? : pxivro
1)mulmul
2)sulsul
3)munmun
4)srspql
5)None
Q.26 GHF : CDB :: EFD : ?
1)ABJ
2)CBD
3)IJH
4)AJB
5)AKB
Q.27 AKJ :GNH :: EMD : ?
1)CLB
2)CLD
3)AKB
4)EMF
5)CDB
Q.28 HNP : PDA :: DLP : ?
1) PJG
2) CDP
3) CLP
4) PME
5) PHE
Q.29 AFHO : GBDM : : CHFM : ?
1)GBLD
2)GBJO
3)GPLD
4)GBDM
5)IBDE
Q.30 AOE : ? :: GMA : NKM
1)KLM
2)KLF
3)OBM
4)KLO
5)KMN
ANSWERS
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. D 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. E